The article provides a brief biographical information about the scientific, pedagogical and social activities of Academician M. F. Ivanov, who made a significant contribution to the formation and development of domestic animal husbandry.
BREEDING, SELECTION, GENETICS
The article considers some issues of the methodology of the breeding process in the domestic breed formation and the features of the technology for evaluating new breeding achievements in the past and present.
The article analyzes and identifies problematic points on the way of development of domestic sheep breeding. The cost-effective development of sheep breeding depends on many factors: correctly selected zoned sheep breeds, the maintenance system, the feed base, breeding work carried out on the farm, mechanization and automation of technological processes, etc. A step-by-step review of the formation and development of one of the most important branches of animal husbandry – sheep breeding, showed that even in the period 1960-1990 last century, it was industrial and profitable, but by 2000, due to the situation that arose, there was a reduction in the number of sheep and the liquidation of many farms. The number of sheep and goats by 2000, in comparison with 1990, amounted to 25.4% and in subsequent years did not recover to the previous level. Summarizing the achievements of the past years, their detailed analysis, illustrations of individual zootechnical and technological processes that clearly demonstrate the possibility of successful, efficient and industrial sheep breeding, the use of this experience at this time will contribute to the stable and effective development of the industry and the elimination of the identified problems.
The article describes the characteristics of the live weight and wool productivity of the Tajik wool breed of goats in sexual, age and class aspects.
The article provides an assessment of the fertilizing ability of the sperm of rams of the South Ural, Stavropol and North Caucasian meat and wool breeds, depending on the season of the year.
The article presents the indicators of multiple births of Romanov sheep of different birth types and their live weight in age dynamics.
The paper presents prolactin (PRL) and beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) gene polymorphism in the Lacaune sheep, bred at Nikolaev peasant farm enterprise, Krasnodar Krai. Genetic and statistical analysis allowed to determine numerical values of the genetic constants. The genetic structure of the population under study and its distinctness, determined both by breed affiliation and by allele status of the genes, was assessed.
SHEEP AND GOAT PRODUCTS
The article presents the results of varietal cutting according to the trade classification of carcasses of rams, yarochek and yarushkov of the South Ural breed, depending on gender and age.
The article presents data on the morphological and chemical composition of the meat of sheep of the Dagestan mountain breed and crossbreeds obtained from crossing queens of the Dagestan mountain breed with rams of the Russian meat merino.
ШЕРСТЯНОЕ ДЕЛО
The article considers a recommendation that can be used to control the color of the wool cover in sheep.
FEED AND FEEDING
In the beet-growing regions of our country, when producing sugar beet as a technical crop, it is advisable to use it to replace concentrates in feeding lactating sheep in up to 1.5-2.0 kg per head per day. This helps to increase the nutritional value and sugar level in the eaten feed with a stable receipt of metabolic energy and digestible protein. The replacement of a significant part of the concentrates with sugar beet has a positive effect on milk production and wool growth.
The article presents data on the effect of the probiotic "Plantarum", introduced into the diet of female goats in the second half of pregnancy, on the growth and development in the first 3 months of their offspring's life.
The paper presents the results of an experiment to study the payment of feed weight gain rams Soviet meat and wool breed (Caucasian type), originating from queens with different live weight.
On model fistula sheep, the effect of using a complex of probiotic strains of lactic acid and spore-forming microorganisms (CP) in the diets on metabolic processes in the proventriculus and the digestibility of feed was studied. The revealed positive effect of CP on feed intake, microbial processes in the rumen, the degree of absorption of nutrients gives grounds for its use in sheep breeding.
MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY
The paper presents materials characterizing the adaptive properties and natural resistance of young sheep of the Kuban factory type of the Lincoln and southern meat breeds, based on the study of the morphological composition of blood and indicators of immunobiological resistance.
The article presents the indicators of the interior features of the sheep obtained from crossing the queens of the Dagestan rock with the Russian meat merino sheep. The research was carried out in the conditions of the Agrofirma "Sogratl" on sheep of the Dagestan mountain breed. As a result of the obtained data, it was found that in F1 crossbreeds (DG х RMM), the data on the yield of offal of category 1 and 2 was 3.87 and 7.85 %, which is 0.18 and 1.46 % more than the indicators of purebred sheep.