BREEDING, SELECTION, GENETICS
In a breeding herd of sheep of the Salsk breed of the same type according to the main characteristics of wool productivity, an increase in the intensity of selection by live weight, shearing of wool does not adversely affect the change in each of these characteristics, which makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of breeding for them due to the wider use of the tandem selection system. It is most effective for increasing the shearing of wool.
The article assesses the effectiveness of industrial crossing of the main breeds of sheep in Russia with rams of different productivity directions: long-haired and short-haired meat-wool, precocious meat, multiple and meat-lard breeds.
The article presents the results of PCR-RFLP analysis of the genotype distribution of the GH and GDF9 genes in sheep of the Russian meat merino breed (n = 100), bred in the conditions of the Stavropol Territory. The most popular are genetic markers that are interconnected with candidate genes, the protein products of which play a significant role in the formation or regulation of physiological and biochemical processes. Using the PCR-RFLP methods, the specificity of the allelic spectrum of the somatotropin and differential growth factor genes was established.
The article presents data on the number of Tajik wool breed goats over the past 20 years on farms, productivity indicators of breeding goats included in the State Stud Book.
The article presents the results of the creation of 3 factory lines of sheep of the Kazakh short-tailed semi-wool breed of the Kargalin type, bred in Central Kazakhstan.
Characteristic features of sheep of the factory line of ram 4254 are white wool, a somewhat drooping tail, dark, sometimes red, ears, dark coloring of the covering hair of the front part of the head. Live weight on average: rams – 90 kg, queens – 60 kg, wool shearing – 4.0 kg and 2.6 kg, respectively.
The ram line 34194 is a good combination of meat and fat qualities with the level and quality of semi-coarse wool due to the long length of the awn and down. Live weight on average: rams – 95 kg, queens – 63 kg, sheared wool – 4.2 kg and 2.7 kg, respectively.
The line of the ram 37147 is the most multi–haired, thick wool, well balanced in length and tone in the braid and in the fleece. Live weight on average: rams – 92 kg, queens – 60 kg, wool shearing – 4.4 kg and 2.8 kg, respectively.
The article presents the results of measuring the main measurements of the body articles and the physique indices of young Edilbaev sheep of the Brlik, Suyundik and Kurmangazin intra-breed types. The analysis of the obtained results showed the advantage of young animals of all age groups obtained from rams of the Brlik type.
SHEEP AND GOAT PRODUCTS
In the results of the genotyping in the sub-populations of sheep of the southern region of the breed, the results of the analysis found a different part of allele and genotypic gene in the locus of gormona rosta (extravasation), and IH associative of the evaluative with Rostom and development, formation of local productiveness and fertility. Heterozygous GH_ AB individuals exceeded homozygous GH_ AA by 2.4-3.95% in live weight, by 2.4% in wool shearing, by 12% in fertility.
The article presents data on the amino acid composition and amino acid score of goat meat obtained from crossing of aboriginal goats bred in Kalmykia with goats-producers of the Boer breed of meat type.
ШЕРСТЯНОЕ ДЕЛО
The results of studying the effect of sexual dimorphism on the quality of down of goats of the Tuva population are presented. It has been shown, that the down of goats is coarser and longer than that of goats.
The article is devoted to assessing the wear resistance of shoes with felt uppers. The article presents the results of a study of the properties of wool felts for uppers. The results of the study proved the feasibility of using technical felt containing wool fibers as an alternative to shoe felt for upper parts that are not subjected to intense friction during operation.
FEED, FEEDING, FEED PRODUCTION
The article presents studies on the study of the characteristics of growth, development and formation of meat productivity of Kalmyk fat-tailed rams when using a lactulose-containing feed additive in the feeding rations. And also an assessment was made of the produced smoked sausages «Sudzhuk» from the meat of experimental animals.
In the article consider the impact on the productive indicators of Romanov breed rams of the use of beekeeping products – drone homogenate in the diet. It was found that the live weight of the animals of the experimental groups was higher in all age groups in comparison with their peers in the control group, which proves the economic efficiency of the use of drone homogenates in the diet of sheep.
MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY
The article presents some aspects of the regularity of the morphological structure of the skin with derivatives of the skin of goats of the Tajik wool breed and data on the thickness of the skin, its individual layers of different sex and age groups.