Evaluation of the quality of wool and linen fiber by method of near ir spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy

Abstract

The structure and chemical composition of sheep wool fiber and flax fiber of the Universal variety were determined, the quality of the fiber surface was assessed by electron microscopy and near infrared spectroscopy. The wool of the Grozny breed of sheep differs in surface quality and chemical composition from flax fiber. Qualitative differences are manifested in the different elemental composition of fibers, both in metals: Na, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, and in non-metals: C, O, S, Si, Cl, P. In flax fiber, the cellulose content is 76-79% calculated by spectrum and chemical analysis on absolutely dry matter. For wool fiber and suitability for the textile industry, data on fat and protein content are important. The results on the content of chemical elements also indicate the possibility of uniquely distinguishing different types of fibers. Significant differences in concentrations are observed for oxygen, sulfur, silicon, potassium, chlorine, iron, calcium, and phosphorus. Wool is characterized by a high concentration of sulfur compared to flax fiber, and a minimum concentration of phosphorus. The presence of iron is not noted in the flax fiber.